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(詳細はNative American nation in the state of Connecticut. They are descended from the Pequot people, one of the Algonquian-languages family. Within their Reservation in Ledyard, New London County, Connecticut, the Mashantucket Pequot operate Foxwoods Resort Casino. It is the world's largest resort casino in terms of gambling space and number of slot machines, and until 2007 one of the most economically successful.〔Jessica Durkin, "Mashantucket Election Returns Council Incumbents," ''Norwich Bulletin'', 7 November 2005〕 By 2012 it was deeply in debt.〔Associated Press, "Indian casinos struggle to get out from under debt," (January 21, 2012 online )〕〔Michael Sokolove, ("Foxwoods is fighting for its life." ''New York Times Magazine'' (2012) )〕 In the course of its successful federal land claims suit against the state, the tribe achieved federal recognition in 1983 by an act of Congress, as part of the settlement of the suit. It was the eighth tribal nation to have gained recognition through the political rather than administrative process. Tribal membership is based on proven descent from tribal members listed in the 1900 Census.〔(Laurence M. Hauptman, "A Review" of Jeff Benedict’s ''Without Reservation: The Making of America’s Most Powerful Indian Tribe and Foxwoods, the World’s Largest Casino'' ), ''Indian Gaming'', 17 March 2009〕 They are one of two federally recognized tribes in Connecticut; the other are the Mohegan Indian Tribe. In addition, the state recognizes the Schaghticoke tribe, whose reservation dates from 1736; the Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation, with a reservation from 1683; and the Golden Hill Paugussett Indian Nation, with a reservation from 1639. ==Geography== The Mashantucket Pequot Indian Reservation is a land base held in trust by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) in Ledyard, Connecticut, in New London County, in the Norwich-New London metro area. It is on the Pequot River, now known as the Thames River. The Tribe also has about of off-reservation trust land in the town of Preston. The Pequot reservation was created by the Connecticut Colony in 1666. The Pequot population reached a nadir of 20 or 30 persons in the early 20th century. In 1973, when the last person living on the 214-acre reservation died, the state government started planning to take back the land. In 1976, the Mashantucket Pequot filed a land claim against the state, contesting the illegal appropriation of reservation lands by the state of Connecticut. When finally settled by federal legislation in 1983, their land claims settlement included federal recognition as a tribe. The Mashantucket Pequot have since added to their reservation by purchase and placed the additional lands into trust with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) on behalf of the tribe. As of the 2000 census, their total land area was .〔(Connecticut – American Indian Area , Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2000 ), U.S. Census Bureau〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mashantucket Pequot Tribe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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